tbmK A`ykn¡m³ B{Kln¡pIbpw AtXmsSm¸w Xs¶ `uXnI PohnXw \bn¡pIbpw sN¿p¶ km[mcW a\pjy³ AXymhiyw Adnªncnt¡­ Imcy§Ä GsdbmWv. ]XRvPen alÀjnbmWv "cmPtbmK ¯nsâ IÀ¯mhv. tbmK§fpsS cmPm hv F¶dnbs¸Sp¶ cmPtbmK¯n\v hfscb[nIw khntijXIfp­v. F«v AwK§Ä (imJIÄ) B bn Xncn¨n«pÅXpsIm­v Cu tbmKkq{X¯n\v AjvSmwKtbmKsa¶pw ]dbs¸Sp¶p. AhbmWv baw, \nbaw, Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw, {]Xymlmcw, [mcW, [ym\w, kam[n F¶nh.

asäÃm tbmK amÀK§fpw IqSpXembpw a\pjys\ Cuizc km£mXvImc¯nte¡p \bn¡pt¼mÄ AjvSmwKtbmKw e£yanSp¶Xv
k¼qÀW BtcmKyw, a\kam[m\w, ZrVNn¯X, GIm{K_p²n F¶n§s\bpÅ FÃm hyIvXnXz hnIk\¯n\pw H¸w \½Ä B{Kln¡p¶Xp t]msebpÅ Bß km£mXvImc¯n\pw th­nbmWv. shdpsX Iptd tbmKm`ymkw sNbvXXp sIm­p am{Xw \½Ä B{Kln¡p¶{X {]tbmP\w In«Wsa¶nÃ. a\pjy a\ knepw icoc¯nepw _p²nbnepw ASnªpIqSp¶ FÃm amen\y§sfbpw AXXp Znhkw Xs¶ XpS¨p amäm\pÅ ]ehn[ Nn«Ifpw A\pjvTm\§fpw D]m b§fpw \½Ä Adnªncn¡Ww. AhbmWv AjvSmwK tbmK¯nse BZys¯ \mev AwK§fmb baw, \nbaw, Bk\w, {]mWmbmaw F¶nh.

Bßob PohnX¯nte¡pw IqSn km[mcW a\pjy s\ \bn¡m³ klmbn¡p¶ tbmK km[\IfmWv AjvSmwK tbmK¯nse ASp¯ \mev AwK§fmb {]Xymlmcw, [mcW, [ym\w, kam[n F¶nh. baþ \nba§sf tbmKimkv{X¯nsâ "ASnkvYm\ ine IÄ F¶mWv hntijn¸n¡mdpÅXv. baþ\nba §Ä FÃmhcpw Adnªncnt¡­Xpw BNcnt¡ ­Xpamb kZmNmc ]²XnIfmWv. tbmKm`ymkw sIm­v icoc¯n\p ]qÀWX t\SWsa¦n baþ \nba§fn {]tXyIw {i²mep¡fmbncn¡Ww. tbmKm`ymk¯nsâ e£yw Xs¶ icochpw a\kpw Htckabw kwkvIcns¨Sp¡pI F¶XpamWv. CXn \p klmbn¡p¶ ]¯p IÂ]\IfmWv baþ\nb a¯n AS§nbncn¡p¶Xv.

""baw (Ån²ß\pÕÙâcq] ÞáÕâcq] yáÞÞân{Þ\pnÔÙ) :
1. Alnwk (½ánß²ácq]\pny\p) : ""Alnwkm ]ctam [À½ F¶mWv. a\kp sIm­pw hm¡p sIm­pw {]hr¯n sIm­pw Hcp Pohn¡p t]mepw bmsXmcp Xc¯nepÅ t¢itam thZ\tbm D­mImXncn¡p ¶XmWv Alnwk. AXn\p tate thsdmcp kpJhpw CsömWv.
2. kXyw (ÊÕÜÔ\v) : DÅXv DÅXp t]mse ]dbp¶ XmWv kXyw. kXy¯n \n¶p hyXnNen¡mXn cn¡pI. aäpÅhsc kt´mjn¸n¡m³ th­n Ak Xyw ]dbpIbpacpXv. A\njvS kw`h§Ä¡v CShcp¯p¶Xmbn tXm¶nbm kXyw ]dbmsXbpancn ¡Wsa¶mWv.
3. AkvtXbw (½án .Ô\pâcq]²n±): A\ysâ bmsXm¶pw Xs¶ A]lcn¡mXncn¡pI F¶p am{Xaà a\Êp sIm­pw hm¡p sIm­pw {]hr¯n sIm­pw \ap¡v AÀlXbnÃm¯Xv H¶pw Xs¶ B{Kln¡pIbpw kzoIcn¡pIbpw sN¿cpsX¶mWv.
4. {_lvaNcyw (¦ânÔ²n\pny\p): Cu hm¡n\v tbmKimkv{X¯n [mcmfw AÀY§fp­v. `uXnI Pohn Xw \bn¡p¶ km[mcW a\pjys\ kw_Ôn¨nSt¯mfw icocw sIm­pw a\kp sIm­pw hm¡p sIm­pw \½psS iIvXn Hcp Xc¯nepw Zpcp]tbmKs¸Sp¯mXncn¡pI F¶XmWv {][m\w. A§s\ bmbm FÃm `uXnI kpJ§fpw \nb{´nXambn A\p`hn¨psIm­v ZoÀLmbptkmsS Pohn¡m³ km[n¡pw.
5. A]cn{Klw (cq]án± Ôá ×áÙÙ\pÙÙ áÕ nán yáß\pÔ²n±): hnjamhkvYbn t]mepw BcpsS ]¡Â \n¶pw bmsXmcp Zm\hpw kzoIcn¡mXncn¡p¶XmWv A]cn{Klw. AXymhiyanÃm¯sXÃmw k¼mZn¨p Iq«m\pÅ Xo{hamb hy{KX Dt]£n¡p¶XmWv A]cn{Klw. AXym{Kl§fpsS ]ndtI t]mIp¶ hÀ¡v Hcn¡epw PohnXw BkzZn¡m³ km[n¡p¶ XÃ.

\nbaw (.\pcq]£ ¤ÜÕ²£²yâÔ²án zXv\ {²Ùy²×cq]²n\p) : tbmK A`ykn¡p¶hÀ am{XaÃ, FÃmhcpw \nXyPohnX ¯n A\phÀ¯nt¡­Xpw ]ment¡­Xpam bn«pÅ A©p \nba§fmWv Xmsg sImSp¡p¶Xv.

1. iuNw (¤ÜÕ²ÔXv\): iuNw F¶m ipNnXzw. B´cn Iþ_mly icocw ipNnbmbn kq£n¡pIbpw, ipNn bmb hkv{Xw [cn¡pIbpw am{Xw sNbvXm t]mc, a\ip²n IqSn D­mbncn¡Ww. hn\bw Hcn¡epw ssIshSnbmXncn¡pI. hm¡v, hn\bw, hnZy, hk v{Xw, h]pÊv F¶n§s\ A©p Imcy§fmWv Hcp a\pjysâ kwkvImc¯nsâ sXfnhmbn IcpXs¸Sp ¶Xv.
2. kt´mjw (¦ánÔ\pnÔÞ\pnÔ): a\kn\pw icoc ¯n\papÅ Huj[amWv kt´mj`mhw. a\Êns\ Aip` Nn´Ifntem BhiyanÃm¯ Imcy§fntem hym]cn¡m³ hnSmXncn¡pI. sImSp¡pwtXmdpw Cc«nbmbn Xncn¨p In«p¶XmWv kt´mjw. DÅp Xpd¶v ]p©ncn¡pIbpw kt´mjn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿pt¼mgpÅ `wKnbpw hioIcW iIvXnbpw H¶p ]co£n¨p t\m¡pI.
3. X]kv (âÜÙÔ\pÕ²ÔXv\): ASp¡pw Nn«bpw, \nivNb ZmÀVyt¯mSpw IqSn FÃm IÀa§fpw \nÀhln ¡m³ {ian¡pI. Hcn¡epw \ncmis¸SmXncn¡pI. X]kv IqSmsXbpÅ PohnXw kvt\lanÃm¯ lrZ bw t]msebmWv. X]kv sIm­v tbmKm`ymknIÄ ¡v imcocnI am\knI _ew, ss[cyw, Adnhv, emfn Xyw ChsbÃmw X\nsb kzmb¯am¡mhp¶XmWv.
4. kzm[ymbw (.ÔÜ{Xv\ ᣠÔ\v\p Ù\pcq]£): FÃm Znhkhpw kzbw Bß]cntim[\ \S¯pI F¶ÀYw. Ipä§fpw IpdhpIfpw kw`hn¨n«ps­¦n C\n taen A§s\bp­mInsöv ZV{]XnPvR FSp¡pI. a\pjy a\kpIfn Dd§n¡nS¡p¶ APvRmX amIp¶ Ccp«ns\ AIäm³ IgnhpÅXpw shfn¨w hoip¶Xpamb hnip² {KÙ§Ä Znhkhpw hmbn ¡pIbpw ]Tn¡pIbpw AXp aäpÅhcnte¡p ]IÀ ¶p sImSp¡pIbpw thWsa¶p kmcw.
5. Cuizc {]Wn[m\w \½psS FÃm IÀa§fpw AÀ¸W at\m`mht¯mSp IqSn a\Êncp¯n ]camh[n {i², `IvXn hnizmkt¯mSp IqSn A\pjvTn¡pI F¶XmWv Cuizc {]Wn[m\w.

KncnP _n.\mbÀ